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Produced the most elegant curvilinear glass and iron shells in Britain. London explained how this alliance had come about in his first issue of the An encyclopadida of Gardening of 1822. He had invented the curvilinear iron sash bar in 1816, and he presented it to the Horticultural Society in May of that year. By 1818 he had presumably with the Baileys, completed the prototypes at his Bayswater home. That year he transferred to W&D Bailey the rights to the bar, while maintaining a design relationship with them that remains undefined. The baileys erected curvilinear houses designed by Loudon at the Loddiges’s nursery in Hackney, in the garden of Mr S Chilver in Finchley and for Lord St Vincent, a retired First Lord of the Admiralty, at Rochetts in Essex. It is not clear, but it can be presumed that this relationship went on for many years, making Loudon the true father of curvilinear iron and glass architecture. It is most probable that Loudon did not enjoy the same profits as the Baileys, who appeared to have eventually worked without his advice, design royalties being difficult to collect. However, Loudon was a more prolific writer than designer and his voluminous published work is filled with creative and original ideas relating to villas and gardens. By the time of his death in 1843 he had written thirty books. These included well-known works like An Encyclopaedia of Gardening(1822), An Encyclopaedia of Plants(1829),An Encyclopaedia of Cottage ,Farm ,and Villa Architecture and Furniture(1833)and An Encyclopaedia of Trees and Shrubs(1842) to name but a few.
The glass houses that W&D Bailey built in the 1820s with Loudon’s glazing bar were numerous, elegant and sometimes very large. One of the finest was a pine pit and vinery constructed for Mr V Stukey at Langport, Somerset, in1817. Another was esported to a site near Antwerp. Built for Mr M Caters de Wolfe, it had two elegant curvilinear hothouses on each side of the older masonry orangery. Loudon reports in 1826 that a ‘rich collection of the choicest exotics was procured [by Caters de Wolfe]from the Hackney [Loddiges’s] Nursery’. The Hackney Botanic Nursery was a series of hothouses around a square filled with pits and frames. A commercial operation, the nursery was started in 1771 by the German gardener, Conrad Loddiges.Among the lean-to hothouses were, according to Loudon, the world’s largest palm house (an 80-foot-long sturcture),and a double camellia house roofed in copper sashes by Timmins of Birmingham on one side of the masonry wall, and on the other side a curvilinear glass roof 120 feet long designed by Loudon and made by the Baileys. There was a 1000-foot-long walk through the connected glasshouses and steam heating with automatic rain equipment for the palms. Joseph Paxton bought all of the exotic plants in 1854 on the closure of the nursery and moved them to the Crystal Palace at Sydenham.
In 1833,while working on the designs for the Jardin des Plantes in Paris,Charles Rohault de Fleury visited Loudon at his new home in Porchester Terrace and the Loddinges’s glass gardens. He studied the nursery’s steam heating and the iron construction, for Loudon was the chanmpion of iron as a new material in the building of greenhouses. Rohault also visited the curvilinear glasshouses of Mr Cottam and the Baileys, the Horticultural Society’s garden at Chiswick, and a group of glass houses in Regent’s Park called the Coliseum, which served as an early form of winter-garden with an exhibit hall. Rohault found two of these Regant’s Park glass houses interesting. One had masonry walls sunk into the ground and a dome-shaped glass roof and the other, which was 46 feet long and 25 feet high, formed a walkway along a masonry wall and was made from two curved half-vaults. These appear to have influenced his design for the Jardin des Plantes, though the drop in the site may have been a deciding factor. Rohault was later to write, ‘the main advantage of the use of curved iron rebated ribs for glass house [is] … high uniformity in the great conservatories at Chatsworth, Chiswick and Kew was the detached conservatory of 1827 built for Mrs Beaumout at Bretton Hall, York-shire. The structure was 100 feet in diameter, 60feet high and constructed with wrought-iron sash bars on the Loudon principle. From these grand dimensions, it is easy to understand why Loudon was not impressed by the much lower dome at the Surrey Zoological Gardens,also100feet in diameter, but built three years later.
LOUDON give an extensive description of Bretton Hall in An encyclopaedia of Cottage, Farm and Villa Architecture and Furniture. This building, which would be a wonder today, seems to have had a brief ill-fated history involving Loudon’s partners, the Baileys:

解答:

在英国建成了极为优雅别致的曲线型的玻璃和铁框架甲壳状温室。Loudon叙述了这个联盟是怎样出现在他1822年首版的园艺百科全书中的。1816年,他发明了曲线型铁质框架,并且在同年五月把它给了

Horticultural Society。到1818年时,他可能已经同Baileys合作,并且在他位于Bayswater的家中完成了建筑原型。那一年他把框架的使用权转给了W&D Bailey,并且保持着尙未明确的设计合作关系。

baileys为在艾塞克斯 Rochetts 的退休英国海军大臣-Lord St Vincent建起了一些由Loudon在位于Hackney 的 Loddige的苗圃中所设计的曲线形房屋,这些房屋座落在位于Fincheley的S Chilver先生的

花园中。 虽说不是十分清楚,但可以推测这种合作关系持续了很多年。使得Loudon 真正成为了这种曲线形铁框架和玻璃建筑之父。很可能是Loudon没有得到像Baileys那样的利润,似乎是Baileys在没

有听取他的建议的情况下也最终完成了工程,使得设计费变得难以收取。无论如何,与Loudon的设计家的身份相比,他更是一个多产的作家。在他大量的出版作品中都充满了创造性和关于别墅与园艺的

新颖思维。至临终时,他已经完成了30本书的著作。这些著作中包括众所周知的园艺百科全书(1822),植物百科全书(1829),别墅、农场与郊区小型住宅建筑和家具百科全书(1833),树木和灌木

百科全书,等等。
W&D Bailey 用LOUDON 发明的玻璃格栅建造了许多优雅的温室,并且有些温室很大。在那些最好的建筑当中,有一个是松池和葡萄园,是在1817年为SOMERSET,LANGPORT的V STUKEY先生建造的。另一个

出口到比利时的安特卫普省附近的一个地方,是为M CATER DE WOLFE 先生建造的。这个建筑由两个优雅的曲线形温室和一个古老的砖石结构的桔园构成,两个温室分别坐落在桔园的两旁。LOUDON在他

1826年的报告中说,CATERS DE WOLF 先生从 HACKNEY LODDIGES 的苗圃中获取了最为别致的丰富的异国风情集锦。Hackney 植物苗圃是由一系列的温室环绕着一个广场构成,广场中装点着一些池子和框

架状建筑。作为一个商业运营,这个苗圃是由德国园艺师CONRAD LODDIGES 在1771年开始建造的。据LOUDON 说,在这些单坡屋顶的暖房之中,是世界上最大的温室(一个80英尺长的建筑结构),并且有

一个双层的装有由BIRMINGHAM 的TIMMINS 制造的铜格框屋顶的山茶花房位于一堵石墙的一側,而石墙的另一側,是一个由LOUDON 设计,由BAILEYS制造的120英尺长的曲线形玻璃顶篷。有一个长1000英

尺的步行平台穿过紧密相连的温室和为棕榈树自动降雨的蒸汽加热装置.1854年,JOSEPH PAXTON 在苗圃关闭的时候买下了里面所有奇异的植物,并把它们运送到SYDENHAM的水晶宫中。
1833年,当CHARLES ROHAULT DE FLEURY 在为巴黎的Jardin des Plantes 做设计的时候, 他来到了位于Porchester Terrace的LOUDON 的新家看望他,同时也参观了Loddinges的温室.他研究了苗圃的蒸

汽加热系统和铁质建筑结构,因为LOUDON 是用铁当做新型建筑材料来建造温室的的最杰出的大师。ROHAULT 又参观了cottam先生和BAILEYS 的曲线形温室,HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY的位于CHISWICK 的花

园,还有位于REGANT'S PARK 中的一组被称为公共娱乐场的温室,这组温室被用来当做一个早期形态的冬季花园而且还有一个展览厅。在REGENT'S PARK的这些温室中,ROHAULT 觉得有两座非常有特点。

一栋具有一些凹陷到地下的石墙和穹窿状玻璃屋顶。而另一栋,长46英尺,高25英尺,由两个弯曲的半穹窿构成,形成了一条沿着石墙的人行道。这些,似乎对ROHAUlT的Jardin des Plantes设计构思产

生了影响,尽管是到这里简单的走访,但或许也会成为他设计方案的一个决定性的因素。ROHAULT 后来写道:“在温室建造中,曲形铁的使用减小了横椽的数量,这一主要优势在CHATSWORTH 的大温室中体

现为高度的均匀和一致。Chiswick和Kew是分别独立的温室,是1827年为在约克郡Bretton Hall的Beaumout夫人所建造的。这个建筑直径100英尺,高60英尺,是依据LOUDON设计原理,用的是熟铁框架.从

这些巨大的寸我们就不难理解为什么LOUDON 对三年以后在SURREY 动物园所建造的低圓顶不屑一顾,虽然它的直径也是100英尺。在别 墅、农场与郊区小型住宅建筑和家具百科全书中,LOUDON 对

BRETTON HALL给予了深入的描述:今天,这座建筑会成为一个奇迹,但却可能会使LOUDON 的合作者 BAILEYS 陷入一个短暂的恶运史。