问题: 中学英语
请问 start to do sth 和 start doing sth 有和区别? 请举例,thanks
解答:
1.在下列动词之后即可以用不定式,也可以用动名词。这样的动词有:like, love, hate, prefer, begin, commence, start, continue, attempt, intend, propose, can't bear, cease, choose, decline, deserve, disdain, dread, endure, forget, learn, mean, neglect, omit, recollect, recall, regret, try等等。例如:
Do you like swimming( to swim)? 你喜欢游泳吗?
We began listening (to listen)to music.我们开始听音
She propose making(to make)a change in our studying plan. 她建议把我们的学习计划做一些改动。
2.下列动词后既可接不定式,也可接动名词,但所表示的意思不同。例如:
1)remember to do something 记住要做某事
remember doing something 记得曾经做过某事
例如:
I remember posting the letter.我记得我把封信发出了。
Please remember to post the letter for me.请记住替我发信。
I remember seeing this film.我记得曾经看过这部电影。
I should remember to see the film.我应该记住去看这部电影。
2)forget to do something 忘记要做某事
forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事
例如:
I shall never forget seeing the Swiss Alps for the first time.我将永远忘不了我第一次游览瑞士阿尔卑斯山的情景。
I am afraid he will forget to write to me. 恐怕他会忘记写信给我。
3) stop to do something 停下某事去做……
stop doing something 停止做某事
例如:
I really must stop smoking. 我的确该戒烟。
I have been working all the morning. I have to stop to smoke a cigarette. 我已经工作了一上午了,我得停下抽支烟。
4) try to do something 设法做某事
try doing something (做某事)试试
例如:
Try to do your duty well. 尽力做好本职工作。
Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door.前门没有人听见你的声音,那么敲敲后门试一试。
5)regret to do something 因做某事感到悲哀(不愉快)
regret doing 因做某事感到后悔
例如:
I regret causing him so much inconvenience.我因给他带来许多不便而感到懊悔。
I regret to inform you that we are unable to offer your employment.我很抱歉地通知你,我们不能接受你的雇用。
6)mean doing 意味着或意思是
mean to do something 打算做某事或想要做某事
例如:
We know that learning a language does not mean just working in a class. 我们知道,学习一种语言并不意味着只是在课堂里学习。
I didn't mean to hurt your feelings. 我并没有想伤害你的感情。
7)go on to do something (做完某事)接着做另一件事
go on doing something 继续做某事
例如:
I hope it won't go on snowing all day and all night. 我希望雪不要整天整夜下个不停。
Our teacher welcomed the new students and then went on to explain the school regulations. 在欢迎新生后,我们的老师开始解释学校的规章制度。
8)need to do something 需要做某事(表示主动)
need doing something 需要……(表示被动)
例如:
You need to work harder. 你需要更加努力学习。
Your house needs painting. 你的房子需要油漆了。
9)want to do something 想做某事(表示主动)
want doing 需要……(表示被动)
例如:
I want to study French.我想学习法语。
The electric shaver wants repairing before it can be used. 电动剃须刀需经修理才能使用。
10)begin和start在下列三种情况下最好用不定式。
A.主语是物而不是人时。例如:
The ice began(started) to melt. 冰开始融化。
The barometer began (started)to fall. 气压计开始下降。
B.当begin或start 用于进行时态时。例如:
She is beginning (starting) to cook the dinner.她开始做饭。
C.当begin或start后面的动词指心理状态或精神活动时。例如:
I began to understand my past mistakes.我开始认识自己过去的错误。
She started to wonder who had done it. 她开始纳闷,这件事究竟是谁做的。
11)请比较以下句子:
The buses have ceased running.公共汽车已经停了。
The buses ceased to run. 公共汽车停掉不开了。
第一句的意思可能是:“公共汽车今天停开,但是明天将再开。“第二个句子的意思可能是:“公共汽车将停开很长的一段时间,也可能永远不再开了。”
12)在like, hate, prefer动词后,如果表示一般倾向,多用动名词作宾语,如果指特定的或具体的动作时,用不定式。例如:
I like watching TV. 我喜欢看电视。
I'd like to watch TV this afternoon.今天下午我想看电视。
I hate speaking before a big audience.我不喜欢在大庭广众面前讲话。
I hate to speak at the meeting today. 我今天不愿意在会上发言。
I prefer reading to watching TV.我情愿看书,不爱看电视。
I prefer to watch TV today. 我今天情愿看电视。
13) be afraid to do something 害怕(不敢)去做某事,(常会发生对自己或别人有伤害或令人畏惧的结果);而be afraid of doing something 表示害怕(担心)会发生某种不愿发生的或不应发生的情况(不一定是令人畏惧的情况),可译为“唯恐(怕)”。例如:
She was afraid of waking her husband up. 可能丈夫病了或很累,不应吵醒他。(恐怕发生不应发生的可能后果)
She was afraid to wake her husband up.(如叫醒丈夫,可能他要发火,责备她。(害怕去做应当做或必须做的事)
I am afraid of asking the teacher. 我害怕问老师。(要麻烦老师,是我不希望发生的)
I am afraid to ask the teacher. 我不敢问老师。(表示有必要去问,但老师可能要批评我)
参考:English Family(英语.家园)
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