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问题: Pl help me explain the words in ( ).Thank you!

1..Price,quality,(a strong dollar). These are the reasons given for Japan’s awesome penetration of world markets.
2..From the Japanese we’ve been villing to borrow techniques such as (quality circles )and (just-in-time assembling).
Ease the reaajustment of both employees and family (upon )their return to Japan

解答:

1.strong dolla
a.stong dollar means relatively higher exchange rate.threfore, using the same amount dollar can buy more products world wide.
b. more investment can be made world wide, and return more profit.
c. the comsumer in u.s. can buy more foreign products for cheaper prices.

2.quality cycle
the method to manage production and product quality
just-in-time assembling--reduction in inventory and capital requirement.

3.upon--==when, once