Today,computers are a huge and fast-moving field of technology.Smaller,more powerful and user-friendly equipment is developed almost daily.
Charles Babbage,a British inventor,is sometimes called the father of the computer.In 1823,he started to buile a machine that could do sums and print out the results.The machine was far ahead of its time.Sadly,it was so complicated that he never finished making it.Over a century later,people were still trying to build efficient counting machines.They were so big that they filled entire rooms and weighed many tons.But these huge counting machines were not really computers-they did not have memories.
Modern computers use complicated data memory systems to handle information,either as computer memory or data on stored disks and CDs.The data can be words,numbers,pictures or a mixture of all three.Modern computer memories can store more data than a roomful of filing boxes.They use tiny electric currents,and have thousands of circuits inside them,put tightly into tiny”chips”.
Before it can be read by the computer,the data has to be turned into an electronic code of very small on-off pulses or signals.These signals are made and translated by small switches within the “chips”.
Internet pioneer Dr.Vinton Cerf is called Father of the Internet.He loves to answer people’s questions about the Internet whenever he meets them.Twenty years ago Cerf and Robert Kahn developed the structure for the Internet.Their work brought about the rapid growth of the Internet.In 1983 there were about 50,000 users amd the number has grown to more than 360 million today.When he was asked if he ever expected the Internet to become so popular,Dr.Cerf said the number was a surprise.
He pointed out one of the key issues facing the net today as privacy and said we coule not avoid having emails seen or monitored by others.”It happened with the telephone system and it will certainly happen with email.There are tools to fight against it,but the problem is that right now it’s not easy enough to use them”.He also pointed out that the junk emails and the unwelcome materials such as porn on the Internet was a worry,but it was difficult to stop.
He said,”There’s no way to stop it technically-but the Internet is a mirror of mankind.If we don’t like what we see in the mirror,then touching up the mirror is not the answer.”

今天，计算机技术是一个巨大的、快速发展的领域。更小、功能更强和更人性化的设备几乎天天被研发出来。
查尔斯.巴比奇 是英国的一名发明家，被称作计算机之父。1823年，他研制了一台可以计算并可以打印计算结果的机器，这在当时是十分先进的。遗憾的是这台机器十分复杂，他没能研制完成这台机器。直到该世纪末，人们一直在尝试研制一种效率更高的计算机器。但研制出的计算机器太大，占满了整个房间，重达数吨。这些庞然大物并非真正意义上的计算机，因为它们没有存储器。.
现代计算机利用复杂的数据来处理信息，存储系统可能是计算机存储器也可能是存储数据的光盘或CD盘，数据可以是文字、数据、图像，也可能是三者的合成物。与满房间档案盒存储的数据相比，现代计算机存储器存储的数据要多得多。现代计算机存储器利用微电流，内有数以千计的电路，经致密压缩成为微型“芯片”。
在计算机读出数据前，数据被转换成带有微型脉冲或信号的电子码，这些信号由“芯片”内微型开关进行转换。
因特网创始人文顿.瑟夫 博士被人称作因特网之父，无论在何时，他总是乐意回答他所遇到的人们就因特网提出的任何问题。20年前，瑟夫和罗伯特.卡恩创立了因特网，之后因特网得以迅速发展。1983年大约有50000个因特网用户，现在因特网的用户数量已达3.6亿。当有人问瑟夫是否料到因特网变得如此普及时，瑟夫博士回答说这一数字令人始料不及。

他指出保密是当今网络面临的主要问题之一，我们无法避免电子信函不被别人偷窥和监控，电话系统会发生此类事情，电子信函也会发生此类事情。一些工具可以用来防范偷窥和监控，但问题是掌握这些工具并非易事。他还指出因特网中出现的垃圾邮件和不受欢迎的东西如色情内容令人烦恼，但阻止起来却很难。他说从技术上讲很难阻止这些东西，但因特网是人的一面镜子，如果我们不喜欢镜子里看到的东西，就不要触摸这面镜子。

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