KILLING THE GOOSE

Tourismo has grown so quickly during the last quarter of a century that it has become a problem in both industrialized and developing nations. And it is only during the 1980s that the problem is this: tourism as it developed in the sixtied and seventied is self-destructive. It destroys the very things tourists come for. It is a classic case of killing the goose that lays the golden egg.

In Europe the damage is largely environmental: polluted beaches and lakes, erosion of mountain paths, traffic jams, air pollution and unsympathetic architecture. But there has also been a negative impact on the cultural and social life of the communities. Some of the best known and obviously visible examples are certain Mediterranean resorts. Previously peaceful fishing villages have been overrun with poorly planned and badly built hotels and apartment blocks, which are now-just twenty years later- no longer acceptable or fashionable. The life-style of the locals has changed beyond recognition, and although many are richer, they are not necessarily happier as a result.

旅游业在上个世纪最后25年的过快增长已经成为了工业化国家和发展中国家的共同问题. 还在20世纪80年代的时候, 问题是这样的: 旅游业在六\七十年代的发展是自我破坏型的. 而遭到破坏的东西, 恰恰是游客们最感兴趣的东西. 这是典型的杀鹅取金蛋(中文杀鸡取卵?)的例子.

在欧洲,主要是环境方面的破坏:海滩和湖泊被污染, 山路被踏坏, 交通遭到阻塞, 空气被污染, 到处大兴土木. 但同时也有文化和社会生活方面的负面影响. 最众所周知和显而易见的例子是地中海的度假村. 从前平静的小渔村被毫无计划胡乱搭建的酒店和公寓所取代 - 而那些建筑仅仅20年后就变的落伍不受欢迎了.
当地居民的生活方式更边的面目全非-- 虽然很多人变有钱了, 他们却未必因此变得更快乐.