And something was done. A vast array of state social welfare initiatives have their origins in the 19th century. Schemes for public sanitation, education, policing, prisons, juvenile correction, public workhouses and mental asylums accompanied legislation governing working conditions and factory inspection as well as new mechanisms for recording population change. At the same time, the 19th century saw the creation and development of a wide spectrum of social work activity financed and run by philanthropic agencies, but working alongside statutory agencies such as courts, hospitals and workhouses.

人们做了一些事。大范围的国家社会福利方案起始于19世纪。纪录人口变化的新机制，连同包括公共卫生，教育，警察，监狱，青少年管教，公共救贫所，精神病院等的一系列计划，与对工作条件进行管理的立法和工厂视察同时开展进行。与此同时，在19世纪还出现并发展了由慈善机构支助并管理运行，但和法院，医院及救贫所一同进行的社会服务活动。