模具行业的文章

有可以翻译的么

希望能尽快翻译出来

谢谢


我国冲压模制造技术的发展趋势

随着与国际接轨的脚步不断加快，市场竞争的日益加剧，人们已经越来越认识到产品质量、成本和新产品的开发能力的重要性。近年来许多模具企业因此加大了用于技术进步的投资力度，一些国内模具企业已普及了二维CAD，并陆续开始使用UG、Pro/Engineer、I-DEAS等国际通用软件，个别厂家还引进了Moldflow等CAE软件，并成功应用于冲压模的设计中。

目前，以汽车覆盖件模具为代表的大型冲压模具的制造技术已取得很大进步，东风汽车公司模具厂、一汽模具中心等模具厂家已能生产部分轿车覆盖件模具。此外，许多研究机构和大专院校开展模具技术的研究和开发，在模具CAD/CAE/CAM技术方面取得了显著进步。例如，吉林大学汽车覆盖件成型技术所独立研制的汽车覆盖件冲压成型分析KMAS软件，华中理工大学模具技术国家重点实验室开发的注塑模、汽车覆盖件模具和级进模CAD/CAE/CAM软件，上海交通大学模具CAD国家工程研究中心开发的冷冲模和精冲研究中心开发的冷冲模和精冲模CAD软件等。

而模具技术的发展应该为适应模具产品“交货期短”、“精度高”、“质量好”、“价格低”的要求服务。专家认为，未来冲压模具制造技术有以下几大发展趋势：

(1)全面推广CAD/CAM/CAE技术

模具CAD/CAM/CAE技术是模具设计制造的发展方向。随着微机软件的发展和进步，普及CAD/CAM/CAE技术的条件已基本成熟，各企业将加大CAD/CAM技术培训和技术服务的力度；进一步扩大CAE技术的应用范围。计算机和网络的发展正使CAD/CAM/CAE技术跨地区、跨企业、跨院所地在整个行业中推广成为可能，实现技术资源的重新整合，使虚拟制造成为可能。

(2)高速铣削加工

国外近年来发展的高速铣削加工，大幅度提高了加工效率，并可获得极高的表面光洁度。另外，还可加工高硬度模块，还具有温升低、热变形小等优点。高速铣削加工技术的发展，对汽车、家电行业中大型型腔模具制造注入了新的活力。目前它已向更高的敏捷化、智能化、集成化方向发展。

(3)模具扫描及数字化系统

高速扫描机和模具扫描系统提供了从模型或实物扫描到加工出期望的模型所需的诸多功能，大大缩短了模具的在研制制造周期。有些快速扫描系统，可快速安装在已有的数控铣床及加工中心上，实现快速数据采集、自动生成各种不同数控系统的加工程序、不同格式的CAD数据，用于模具制造业的“逆向工程”。模具扫描系统已在汽车、摩托车、家电等行业得到成功应用，相信在“十五”期间将发挥更大的作用。

(4)电火花铣削加工

电火花铣削加工技术也称为电火花创成加工技术，这是一种替代传统的用成型电极加工型腔的新技术，它是有高速旋转的简单的管状电极作三维或二维轮廓加工(像数控铣一样)，因此不再需要制造复杂的成型电极，这显然是电火花成形加工领域的重大发展。国外已有使用这种技术的机床在模具加工中应用。预计这一技术将得到发展。

(5)提高模具标准化程度

我国模具标准化程度正在不断提高，估计目前我国模具标准件使用覆盖率已达到30%左右。国外发达国家一般为80%左右。

(6)优质材料及先进表面处理技术

选用优质钢材和应用相应的表面处理技术来提高模具的寿命就显得十分必要。模具热处理和表面处理是否能充分发挥模具钢材料性能的关键环节。模具热处理的发展方向是采用真空热处理。模具表面处理除完善应发展工艺先进的气相沉积(TiN、TiC等)、等离子喷涂等技术。

(7)模具研磨抛光将自动化、智能化

模具表面的质量对模具使用寿命、制件外观质量等方面均有较大的影响，研究自动化、智能化的研磨与抛光方法替代现有手工操作，以提高模具表面质量是重要的发展趋势。

(8)模具自动加工系统的发展

这是我国长远发展的目标。模具自动加工系统应有多台机床合理组合；配有随行定位夹具或定位盘；有完整的机具、刀具数控库；有完整的数控柔性同步系统；有质量监测控制系统。

China stamping die manufacturing technology trends

With the international practice of accelerating the pace of market competition growing, it has become increasingly aware of product quality, cost and new product development capabilities. In recent years, many die, therefore increasing business for the investment in technological progress, a number of domestic enterprises has spread mold of two-dimensional CAD, and is beginning to use UG, Pro / Engineer, I-DEAS, and other international software manufacturers have introduced individual Moldflow, such as the CAE software, and successfully applied to the stamping die design.

At present, to die for the automotive panel stamping die on behalf of a large-scale manufacturing technology has made great progress, Dongfeng Motor Co. plant dies, molds Center for Auto manufacturers such as mold is capable of producing some of the car panel die. In addition, many universities and research institutions to carry out mold technology research and development, in the mold CAD / CAE / CAM technology has made significant progress. For example, Jilin University automotive panel forming an independent technology developed by the automobile panel molding stamping KMAS analysis software, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Die State Key Laboratory of the development of the injection mold, automotive panel die and progressive die CAD / CAE / CAM software , Shanghai Jiao Tong University Die CAD Engineering Research Center of the State Development and fine blanking Die Research Center developed and refined Die Die CAD software.

Mold and technology should adapt to the product die, "a short delivery time", "high precision" and "good quality" and "low price" of services. Experts believe that the next stamping die manufacturing technology has the following major trends:

(1) to promote a comprehensive CAD / CAM / CAE Technology

Die CAD / CAM / CAE technology is the mold design and manufacturing development. With the computer software development and progress, the popularity of CAD / CAM / CAE technology, the basic conditions mature, enterprises will increase the CAD / CAM technology training and technical services efforts; CAE technology to further expand the scope of the application. And the development of computer networks is to make CAD / CAM / CAE technology trans-regional, inter-enterprise, the Kuayuan in the industry as a whole to promote it possible to realize the re-integration of technical resources to make it possible to create virtual.

(2) high-speed milling

In recent years, foreign development of high-speed milling, processing a substantial increase in efficiency, and it will have an extremely high surface finish. In addition, the process can also be hard module also has a low temperature rise, thermal deformation, and other small advantages. High-speed milling technology, automobile and home appliances industries to create large-scale mold cavity injected new vitality. It currently has more agility, intelligence, integrated direction.

(3) die scanning systems and digital

High-speed scanners and scanning systems die from the model provided scanning or in kind to the processing of the desired model required a lot of functions, greatly reducing the mold in the the development of the manufacturing cycle. Some quick scan system can be quickly installed in existing CNC milling machine and machining centers, fast data acquisition, automatically generate a variety of digital processing system, the CAD data in different formats for use in the manufacturing sector Die " Reverse engineering. " Die scanning system in automobiles, motorcycles and home appliances industries have been successfully applied, I believe in the "Five-Year Plan" period will play a bigger role.

(4) EDM Milling

EDM milling technology, also known as electric spark into a processing technology, which is an alternative to the traditional use of the cavity forming a new electrode processing technology, it is a high-speed rotation of the tubular electrode for a simple two-dimensional or three-dimensional contouring ( The same as CNC milling), it is no longer the need to create the complex shape of the electrode, it is clear that EDM is a significant development in the area. This has been the use of foreign technology in the machine tool mold processing the application. It is expected that this technology will be developed.

(5) to increase the degree of standardization Die

China's mold standardization is increasing all the time, it is estimated that China's Die using the standard coverage has reached 30%. Foreign countries are generally about 80%.

(6) high-quality materials and advanced surface treatment technology

Selection of high quality steel and application of appropriate surface treatment technology to improve the life of the mold has become very necessary. Die of heat treatment and surface treatment can give full play to the material properties of die steel key. Die heat treatment is the development direction of vacuum heat treatment. In addition to the mold surface treatment to improve the development process should be advanced vapor deposition (TiN, TiC, etc.), plasma spraying techniques.

(7) will die abrasive polishing automation, intelligent

Die die on the surface of the quality of life, such as the quality of the appearance of the parts have a greater influence, research automation, intelligent grinding and polishing replace the existing manual method to improve the quality of the mold surface is an important trend.

(8) mold the development of automatic processing system

This is a long-term development of our country. Die automatic processing system should be more than the rational combination of machine tools; with accompanying positioning fixture or positioning plate; complete machines, CNC tool library; complete CNC flexible synchronization system; to monitor the quality control system.