President Barack Obama said Thursday that "the scale and the scope" of his economic plan is right, turning up the heat on critics he said were hawking "phony arguments" and "false theories of the past" to chip away at the bill's programs.请翻译一下上面这个句子，并重点讲解一下“turning up the heat on critics he said were hawking "phony arguments" and "false theories of the past" to chip away at the bill's programs”中的语法现象？

看得真仔细。一开始还真没有注意到你提出的语法问题。应该是he said前有个定语从句的关系代词who,即on critics [who], he said是插入语，因此定语从句和先行词的关系应该是: on critics who were hawking...。查了A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language 【Randolph Quirk】，暂时没有找到这种情况下省略在定语从句中作主语的关系代词的用法。似乎是不规范的英语用法。相似用法的句子：He sympathized with the Americans' complaints against Britain and was not eager to kill people he believed were his fellow subjects.如果将来能找到权威的解释【fingers crossed!】，我会贴出来。

试译文：
奥巴马总统星期四声称，他的经济计划规模和广度都是正确的，从而加大了对持批评意见者的压力。他说，那些批评他的人是在兜售他们“空洞的争论”和“过去的错误理论”，目的是为了不断破坏提案涉及的（救市）计划。

turn up heat
to make a situation more serious by trying harder to force someone to do something.

Lorry drivers are discussing whether to turn up the heat on their bosses by holding a one-day strike. (often + on) The United States has turned up the heat by threatening military action.

chip away at
gradually and relentlessly make (something) smaller or
weaker: rivals may chip away at one's profits.