1.尽管内容有些不好理解,MIKE还是非常喜欢王教授的演讲.
although the contens are understood hard,mike gets a lot out of Dr.wang's speech.
2.我琢磨不出来他为什么要离开北京去农村.
why he leaves beijing to go to countryside is that i can't figure it out
3.他和那个岛上的居民相处的很好
he gets on fine with the denizen who lives in this island.
4.我正想了解的是宇航员为什么要进行太空行走.
what i'm getting at is why astronaut walks in universe.
5.我不没怎么明白的是小偷是如何进入银行的
what i don't quite understand is how robber break into bank

1.尽管内容有些不好理解,MIKE还是非常喜欢王教授的演讲.
although the contens are understood hard,mike gets a lot out of Dr.wang's speech.

although the contents are hard to understand
OR
although the contents were hardly understood

mike got a lot out of Dr. Wang's speech

实在想不出来在什么情况下可以用现在时态。

2.我琢磨不出来他为什么要离开北京去农村.
why he leaves beijing to go to countryside is that i can't figure it out

i can't figure out why he would leave beijing and go to the countryside
OR
i can't figure out why he left beijing and went to the countryside ->只是没有了”要“的意思，变成了”为什么离开了“

3.他和那个岛上的居民相处的很好
he gets on fine with the denizen who lives in this island.

he gets along fine with the denizens living on this island

4.我正想了解的是宇航员为什么要进行太空行走.
what i'm getting at is why astronaut walks in universe.

what i am getting at is why astronauts have to walk in space.

我们都是在universe里。

5.我不没怎么明白的是小偷是如何进入银行的
what i don't quite understand is how robber break into bank
what i don't quite understand is how theives can get into the bank

如果你用robber/break就是抢劫犯了。