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问题: 请大师,学姐,圣人,学者帮我翻译一篇文章!

B
What do we think with? Only the brain? Hardly. The brain is like a telephone exchange. It is the switchboard (电话总机), but not the whole system. Its function (功能), is to receive incoming signals, make proper connections, and send the messages through to their destination (目的地). For efficient (有效的)service, the body must function as a whole.
But where is the “mind”? Is it in the brain? Or perhaps in the nervous system? After all, can we say that the mind is in any particular place? It is not a thing, like a leg, or even the brain. It is a function, an activity. Aristotle, twenty-three hundred years ago, observed that the mind was to the body what cutting was to the ax (斧) . When the ax is not in use, there is no cutting. So with the mind. “Mind,” said Charles H. Wool Bert, “is what the body is doing.”
If this activity is necessary for thinking, it is also necessary for carrying thought from one person to another. Observe how people go about the business of ordinary conversation. If you have never done this painstakingly, you have a surprise in store, for good conversationalists are almost constantly in motion. Their heads are continually nodding and shaking sometimes so vigorously (有力地) that you wonder how their necks can stand the strain (拉紧).
Even the legs and feet are active. As for the hands and arms, they are seldom still for more than a few seconds at a time.
These people, remember, are not making speeches. They are merely common folk trying to make others understand what they have in mind. They are not conscious of (意识到) movement . Their speech is not studied. They are just human creatures in a human environment, trying to adapt (适应) themselves to a social situation. Yet they talk, not only with oral language, butwith visible actions that involve (包括) practically every muscle in the body.
In short, because people really think all over, a speaker must talk all over if he succeeds in making people think.


解答:

  B

  我们用什么来思考?仅仅用大脑吗?很难下此结论。大脑仿佛是电话交换台中的总机,而非整个系统。它的功能,就是接收外来信号、建立适当联结、再将信息发至终端。为了提高效率,整个躯体必须协同一致。那么,“思维”又在哪里?它在大脑中吗?或许是在神经系统中?毕竟,我们能说思维存在于某个特定的地方吗?它不是一样东西,比如一条腿,甚或一副大脑;它是一种功能、一种活动。两千三百年前,亚里士多德就指出,思维之于躯体,就如同锋利之于斧子。如果斧子不被使用,锋利也就无从谈起;思维也是如此。“思维,”查尔斯·H·伍尔伯特说:“就是身体行为的反映。”

  如果对于思考而言,一种动作是必要的,那么对于人际间思想的传递而言,它也同样是必要的。观察一下人们是如何进行日常交谈的。如果您从未仔细系统地做过这样的观察,您将惊奇地发现,健谈的人几乎时刻处于运动状态中。他们会不时地点点头、摇摇头,有时那么用力,让您担心他们的脖子是否受得了。

  甚至,他们的腿脚也不是静止的;至于手掌、胳膊,它们几乎每隔几秒钟就会动一下。

  注意,这些人并不是在作演讲。他们只是一些平常人,试图让别人明白他们在想些什么。他们并未意识到自己做出了某些动作。他们的表达也不是斟字酌句的。他们只是身处人际交往环境中的凡人,试图让自己合乎某种社会情境。然而,他们交谈起来时,不仅仅运用语言,而且运用显而易见的肢体动作,这些动作几乎调动了身体里的全部肌肉。