Part 7

Next Solon drew up a constitution and enacted new laws; and the
ordinances of Draco ceased to be used, with the exception of those
relating to murder. The laws were inscribed on the wooden stands,
and set up in the King's Porch, and all swore to obey them; and the
nine Archons made oath upon the stone, declaring that they would
dedicate a golden statue if they should transgress any of them. This
is the origin of the oath to that effect which they take to the
present day. Solon ratified his laws for a hundred years; and the
following was the fashion in which he organized the constitution. He
divided the population according to property into four classes, just
as it had been divided before, namely, Pentacosiomedimni, Knights,
Zeugitae, and Thetes. The various magistracies, namely, the nine
Archons, the Treasurers, the Commissioners for Public Contracts
(Poletae), the Eleven, and Clerks (Colacretae), he assigned to the
Pentacosiomedimni, the Knights, and the Zeugitae, giving offices to
each class in proportion to the value of their rateable property. To
who ranked among the Thetes he gave nothing but a place in the
Assembly and in the juries. A man had to rank as a
Pentacosiomedimnus if he made, from his own land, five hundred
measures, whether liquid or solid. Those ranked as Knights who made
three hundred measures, or, as some say, those who were able to
maintain a horse. In support of the latter definition they adduce
the name of the class, which may be supposed to be derived from this
fact, and also some votive offerings of early times; for in the
Acropolis there is a votive offering, a statue of Diphilus, bearing
this inscription:

The son of Diphilus, Athenion hight,
Raised from the Thetes and become a knight,
Did to the gods this sculptured charger bring,
For his promotion a thank-offering.

And a horse stands in evidence beside the man, implying that this
was what was meant by belonging to the rank of Knight. At the same
time it seems reasonable to suppose that this class, like the
Pentacosiomedimni, was defined by the possession of an income of a
certain number of measures. Those ranked as Zeugitae who made two
hundred measures, liquid or solid; and the rest ranked as Thetes,
and were not eligible for any office. Hence it is that even at the
present day, when a candidate for any office is asked to
what class he
belongs, no one would think of saying that he belonged to the Thetes.

明年梭伦制定了一部宪法，并颁布了新的法律和
条例中的血竭停止使用，除那些
有关谋杀。该法律被刻在木制看台，
并成立了国王的门廊，和所有立誓要服从他们和
九个执政官作出宣誓后，石料，宣称他们将
奉献一个黄金雕像，如果他们要超越他们任何人。这
是原产地的誓言，即行生效，他们采取向
目前天。梭伦批准了他的法律为一百年;和
以下是时装中，他组织了宪法。他
除以人口按财产分为四个类别，分别只
因为它已被分割之前，即pentacosiomedimni ，骑士，
zeugitae ， thetes 。各裁判法院，即九年
执政官，司库，委员们为公共合同
（ poletae ） ， 11 ，办事员（ colacretae ）时，他分配到
pentacosiomedimni ，骑士，并zeugitae ，给予办事处
每班比例的价值，其应课差饷物业。至
谁跻身于thetes他只不过是一个发生在
大会并在陪审团。一名男子曾到队伍的建设作为一项
pentacosiomedimnus如果他作出了，从他在自己的土地上， 500
措施，不论是液体或固体。那些被评为骑士的人
300措施，或者象有些人说，那些能够
保持一个马。支持后者的定义，他们改变主意
类的名称，这可能是为了来自这
事实上，也有些votive产品的早期时代，为在
雅典卫城是有votive提供，雕像diphilus ，轴承
这个题词：

儿子diphilus ， athenion高，
由thetes并成为骑士，
并以神这个雕塑充电器带来的，
他的晋升感谢他们提供的。

和一匹马，站在旁边的证据，该名男子，这意味着这
是什么意思，属于职级的骑士。在同
时间似乎可以合理地假设这个阶层一样，
pentacosiomedimni ，被界定所拥有的一项收入，一间
一定数量的措施。那些被评为zeugitae人士提出了两点
百年措施，液态或固态;和其余被评为thetes ，
并没有资格获得任何职位。因此，我们不能说，即使是在
现今，当一名候选人的任何职位，是要求
什么阶层，他
所属的，没有人会想到他说，他属于这个thetes 。